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--- emf [2019/07/21 11:22]
bpaddock Added THz waves abstract.
+++ emf [2019/12/22 14:15]
bpaddock Added beamforming info.
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 {{:emf:21915-100.pdf |Complete 5G Standard Release 15 March 2019}}
 {{http://www.3gpp.org|5G Standard Site}}
+----
+====== Beamforming ======
+As mmWaves do not travel great distances a technique known as 'Beamforming' is used to enhance the signal by targeting your cell phone with the antenna energy.
+"Massive MIMO and Beamforming: The Signal Processing Behind the 5G Buzzwords"
+by Claire Masterson.
+"... Beamforming is a word that means different things to different people. Beamforming is the ability to adapt the radiation pattern of the antenna array to a particular scenario. In the cellular communications space, many people think of beamforming as steering a lobe of power in a particular direction toward a user, as shown in the figure ..."
+https://www.analog.com/en/analog-dialogue/articles/massive-mimo-and-beamforming-the-signal-processing-behind-the-5g-buzzwords.html
+"Phased Array Beamforming ICs Simplify Antenna Design"
+by Keith Benson.
+https://www.analog.com/en/analog-dialogue/articles/phased-array-beamforming-ics-simplify-antenna-design.html
+"... A phased array antenna is a collection of antenna elements assembled together such that the radiation pattern of each individual element constructively combines with neighboring antennas to form an effective radiation pattern called the main lobe. The main lobe transmits radiated energy in the desired location while the antenna is designed to destructively interfere with signals in undesired directions, forming nulls and side lobes. The antenna array is designed to maximize the energy radiated in the main lobe while reducing the energy radiated in the side lobes to an acceptable level. The direction of radiation can be manipulated by changing the phase of the signal fed into each antenna element. ..."
+"Bits to Beams: RF Technology Evolution for 5G Millimeter Wave Radios"
+by Thomas Cameron.
+https://www.analog.com/en/technical-articles/bits-to-beams-rf-technology-evolution-for-5g-millimeter-wave-radios.html
+"An Interview with Analog Devices Discussing RF Electronics for Phased Array Applications"
+by Peter Delos.
+https://www.analog.com/en/technical-articles/an-interview-with-analog-devices-discussing-rf-electronics-for-phased-array-applications.html
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+====== 6G ======
+"What Will 6G Be?"
+IEEE CTN
+Written By: Alan Gatherer, Editor-in-Chief
+Published: 29 Jun 2018
+https://www.comsoc.org/publications/ctn/what-will-6g-be
+"Initial 6G work is underway"
+BY Martin Rowe
+JULY 8, 2019
+https://www.edn.com/initial-6g-work-is-underway/
+"Wireless Communications and Applications Above 100 GHz: Opportunities and Challenges for 6G and Beyond"
+by Theodore S. Rappaport, Yunchou Xing, Ojas Kanhere, Shihao Ju, Arjuna Madanayake, Soumyajit Mandal, Ahmed Alkhateeb, Georgios C. Trichopoulos
+(IEEE Invited Paper)
+https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/08732419.pdf
+----
+====== Stuff In Space ======
+Stuff in Space is a realtime 3D map of objects in Earth orbit, visualized using WebGL.
+The website updates daily with orbit data from Space-Track.org and uses  satellite.js Javascript library to calculate satellite positions.
+http://stuffin.space
+----
 ====== Cell Phones - Convenience Or 21st Century Plague? ======